J Dermatolog Treat. 2009 Jan 1; 1-3Cravo M, Miguel Canelas M, Carlos Cardoso J, Vieira R, Figueiredo ARhinophyma is a progressive and disfiguring disorder of the nose characterized by hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands and dermal tissue, representing the end-stage of rosacea. Four male patients affected by a moderate-severe rhinophyma were treated using a combined therapy with carbon dioxide laser and bipolar electrocoagulation. All patients achieved marked cosmetic results with minimal scarring. Various surgical approaches have been described to treat this condition but as yet there is no agreement in the literature on the ideal treatment. This combined method provides a bloodless operative field which allows the sculpting of the hypertrophic areas, leading to a good cosmetic outcome and a pain-free postoperative recovery.
To estimate the prevalence of dry eye and to investigate its relationship with lifestyle and systemic factors in a general adult population in north-western Spain. METHODS: A dry eye questionnaire was administered and objective tests were performed in 654 individuals [mean age (Standard deviation): 63.6 (14.4) years, range: 40-96, 37.2% males]. Subjects were considered symptomatic when one or more of the symptoms of the questionnaire were present often or all the time. Schirmer test or= 3 and fluorescein staining >or= 1 were considered indicative of signs. Dry eye was defined as the simultaneous presence of symptoms and at least one sign. A design based analysis was performed and all calculations were weighted to give unbiased estimates. RESULTS: Dry eye prevalence was 11.0% (95%confidence interval [CI] 8.6-13.3). Dry eye was found to be more frequent in women (11.9%, 95%CI 8.8-15.1) than in men (9.0%, 95%CI 5.3-12.6), and was significantly associated with aging (p autoimmune diseas...